With the help of an elcd test a pv manufacturer can evaluate the quality of the cells manufactured and any other possible defects caused by bad cell quality and or later mishandling of photovoltaic panels.
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Electroluminescence is the result of radiative recombination of electrons holes in a material usually a semiconductor the excited electrons release their energy as photons light.
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Prior to recombination electrons and holes may be separated either by doping the material to form a p n junction in semiconductor electroluminescent devices such as light emitting diodes or through excitation.
Raptor photonics has published an application note explaining how its swir short wave infrared cameras can be used in drone based electroluminescence el imaging of photovoltaic pv solar panels.
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This imaging process provides detailed high accuracy detection of defects and faults in the panels such as cracks broken cells interconnections and shunts.
Nowadays the majority of large solar panel manufacturers have integrated the elcd test in their production lines.
Beyond finding physical defects swir solar cell inspection of electroluminescence el and or photoluminescence pl permits actively finding problems that will hurt cell or system power output.
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Sinovoltaics has developed self learning software to help our clients to review 100 of solar modules for cell inherent defects including micro cracks.
At the same time many small and medium sized manufacturers do no invest.
The light output increases with the local voltage so that regions with poor contact show up as dark.
Below a video scanning a swir camera across a panel of solar cells shows a large variation in el emission both within individual cells and across.
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Strengths of the electroluminescence test for solar panels are among others the accuracy and flexibility allowed by this technology.
The key advantage as noted above is the ability of electroluminescence imaging an entire solar cell or module in a relatively short space of time.